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EL: Invasion of epithelial cells by locus of enterocyte effacement-negative Ganetespib ic50 GSK1120212 cell line enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 2005, 73:3063–3071.CrossRefPubMed Authors’ contributions DY and RH carried out all invasion assays and drafted this manuscript. MB, GD and AM carried out the typing of the eae gene. LG and SMC carried out transmission electron microscopies of T84 cell. JEB performed serotyping. MAS and JB contributed to the experimental design and co-wrote the manuscript with TATG. TATG supervised all research, was instrumental in experimental design, and wrote the final manuscript with DY. This research was carried out Osimertinib mouse as thesis work for a PhD (DY) in the Department of Microbiology at the Universidade Federal
de São Paulo. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.”
“Background The bacterial genus Arsenophonus corresponds to a group of insect intracellular symbionts with a long history of investigation. Although many new Arsenophonus sequences have been published in the last see more several years, along with documentation of diverse evolutionary patterns in this group (Figure 1), the first records of these bacteria date to the pre-molecular era. Based on ultrastructural features, several authors described a transovarially transmitted infection associated with son-killing in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis [1–3]. Later, they were formally assigned to a new genus within the family Enterobacteriaceae with a single species, Arsenophonus nasoniae [4]. The same authors proposed a close relationship of Arsenophonus to free-living bacteria of the genus Proteus. Independently, other microscopic studies revealed morphologically similar symbionts from various tissues of blood-sucking triatomine bugs [5, 6]; a decade later these bacteria were determined on molecular grounds to belong to the same clade and were named Arsenophonus triatominarum [7]. Interestingly, the next record on symbiotic bacteria closely related to A. nasoniae was from a phytopathological study investigating marginal chlorosis of strawberry [8].