9-12 Sixty metal-ceramic samples were prepared out of which thirty samples were cast using Wiron 99, which constituted the Group A and the rest were casted using Wirobond C, which constituted the Group B. Three subgroups were prepared for each of the above groups. The subgroups A0 and B0 Bosentan hydrate selleck were prepared by casting 100% fresh alloy and served as the controls for both the A and B groups, respectively. The subgroups A1 and B1 were prepared by adding 50% of fresh alloy and the remnants

of the already cast alloy of A0 and B0, respectively. The subgroups A2 and B2 were prepared by adding 50% of fresh alloy and remnants of their cast alloy of A1 and B1, respectively. The study design is depicted in Table 1. Figure 1 Metal die and custom made apparatus. Figure 2 Spruing and investing of metal-ceramic samples. Figure 3 Putty index used to standardize porcelain application. Figure 4 Porcelain firing on the metal samples. Table 1 Study design. To measure the mechanical shear bond test, a custom made apparatus made of steel was specially designed for the purpose of the study. This apparatus is made up of two independent pieces. The first Part A is a flat cylindrical shape to fit into the second Part B (Figure 1). The second part, also cylindrical used as a piston during mechanical evaluation. 4 mm diameter perforations are present for proper

seating of both parts together. In Part A, the metallic component is lodged and the ceramic portion in Part B. The set was placed in a universal testing machine and on the upper cylindrical prolongation of Part B. Using a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min, the shear bond test was conducted in Instron Universal testing machine (Instron 3366, Norwood, USA), which had a 2500-kgf

load cell (Figure 5) and porcelain fracture for minimum load was recorded for each sample. Figure 5 Custom made apparatus mounted in instron for testing samples. Statistical analysis Subgroup was the independent variable, and measured strength was the dependent variable for both the groups. One-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test was used for statistical analysis of the data (α = 0.01). An alpha level of 0.01 rather than the more traditional 0.05 was selected to decrease the Type 1 error rate. A statistical software package (SPSS 15.0; SPSS, Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for the analysis. Results Shear bond load between Cilengitide cast alloys and dental porcelain was compared among the groups. The mean shear bond load of Ni-Cr (664.63N) was significantly higher than the load of Co-Cr (497.41N). Means and standard deviations of shear bond load results with Tukey analysis be given in Tables 2-4. Discussion This study was carried out to compare the bond strength of Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys with dental ceramic on repeated castings using shear bond test with custom made apparatus. Studies showed that the bond strength of ceramic to Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys ranges from 35 to 95 MPa.