In addition to nanowalls, there were some tube-like structures fo

In addition to nanowalls, there were some tube-like structures formed with interconnected nanowalls, as seen in Figure 1(c,d). The ZnO nanowalls were approximately 1.3 ��m in length and approximately 60 nm in thickness.Figure 1.SEM images of ZnO nanowalls grown on a glass substrate by thermal evaporation: (a) top view, (b) cross-section, and high-magnification of the (c) nanowall and (d) tube-like structure.Figure 2 shows the XRD spectrum of the prepared ZnO nanowalls. All the diffraction peaks are indexed as a hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure. A prominent (0002) growth direction indicates that the ZnO nanowalls preferentially grow along the c-axis orientation on the substrate.

A weak (101) peak is observed in the figure that originates from a few c-axis oriented ZnO nanowalls that grew at a small angle to the substrate, as indicat
In multi-echo imaging, different images of the same cross-section are acquired by changing certain scan parameters, e.g., the echo times for T2 weighted images or the repetition times for T1 weighted images. The objective is to obtain images (of the same cross-section) with varying tissue contrasts. The details about the physics and techniques for acquiring these multi-echo MR images are found in [1]. In this work, we address the reconstruction of the images from their partial K-space samples.Traditionally the K-space was obtained using full sampling on a uniform Cartesian grid. Each image was then reconstructed by applying the inverse Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Full sampling of the K-space is however time consuming.

Recent advances in Compressed Sensing (CS) allowed MRI researchers to reconstruct the MR images, almost perfectly, using partial, i.e., Anacetrapib not fully sampled, K-space scans [2,3]. Partial sampling of the K-space has the advantage of reducing the acquisition time. However, when the K-space is not fully sampled, the reconstruction problem becomes under-determined and prior information about the solution is needed for reconstructing the images.Compressive Sampling (CS)-based MRI reconstruction has used the prior information that the images are spatially redundant, specifically that they have a sparse representation in a transform domain such as wavelets [2,3] or finite-differencing [2]. The techniques developed for single-echo MR images (such as [2,3]) are applied to each of the multi-echo images separately in order to reconstruct them from their partial K-space scans.

However, this is not an optimal approach, and it was therefore argued in [4,5] that, since the multi-echo MR images are correlated, better reconstruction can be obtained when this correlation information is also exploited (along with the intra-image spatial redundancy). The reconstruction was formulated as a row-sparse Multiple Measurement Vector (MMV) recovery in [4] and as a group-sparsity vector recovery problem in [5].

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