Results showed that OA had reduced learning magnitudes relative to YA. Using the cerebellum lobule HVI as a region-of-interest, we found that OA had significantly lower activation in this region than VA during the symbolic learning conditions (FWE, P < 0.05). Similar to VA, OA also
showed a significant correlation between learning magnitude and cerebellar activation in the symbolic conditions. These results suggest that although VA and OA JPH203 purchase recruit similar neural networks during implicit learning, OA under-recruit relevant brain areas which may partially explain their implicit sequence learning deficits. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background. We tested the hypothesis that a higher level of social activity was associated with decreased risk of incident disability in older adults.
Methods. Data came from older adults in the Rush Memory and Aging Project, an ongoing longitudinal cohort. study of aging. Analyses were restricted to persons without clinical dementia and reporting no need for
help performing any task in the particular functional domain assessed. Participants were followed for an average of 5.1 years (SD = 2.5). Social activity, based on 6 items (visiting friends or relatives; going to restaurants, sporting events, or playing games; group Pictilisib meetings; church/religious services; day or overnight trips; unpaid community/volunteer work), was assessed at baseline. Disability in basic
activities of daily living, mobility disability, and instrumental activities of daily living was assessed annually. Proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, and education were used to examine the association between social activity and incident disability. Fully adjusted models included terms for depression, vascular diseases and risk factors, body mass index, social networks, and self-reported physical activity.
Results. check details In fully adjusted models, among 954 persons without baseline disability, the risk of developing disability in activities of daily living decreased by 43% (hazard ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.46, 0.71) for each additional unit of social activity. Social activity was also associated with decreased risk of developing mobility disability (hazard ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval = 0.54, 0.88) and disability in instrumental activities of daily living (hazard ratio = 0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.55, 0.93).
Conclusions. Social activity is associated with a decreased risk of incident disability in activities of daily living, mobility, and instrumental activities of daily living, among community-dwelling older adults.