The presence of esophageal and gastric varices was noted and classified according to the Japanese Research Society of Portal Hypertension
(7). During the procedure, 2 gastric biopsy specimens were taken from each patient. One biopsy specimen was taken from the antrum and one from the fundus for histopathological examination. Biopsy specimens were analyzed by the same histopathologist find more during the study period. The gastritis was classified as either chronic active or nonactive. Nonactive gastritis was defined by the presence of mononuclear cell infiltration and active gastritis by the presence of neutrophils and/or erosions. H Pylori infection was reported on the histology. Children with Portal hypertension were subsequently
studied. The underlying liver disease, the duration of evolution of the disease, the medical treatment, the presence of systemic or gastrointestinal symptoms, and the indications for upper Selleckchem Ku-0059436 gastrointestinal endoscopy were recorded for those patients. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 190 patients with Portal hypertension without liver cirrhosis (i.e. Portal Cavernoma,Peri Portal fibrosis due to Schistomaisis and congenital hepatic fibrosis). Group 2 included 60 patients with liver disease progressing toward cirrhosis (infectious hepatitis, Idiopathic cirrhosis, Progressive Familiar Intra hepatic Cholestasis (PFIC), Wilson disease, or other metabolic liver diseases.) The x2 test was used to compare qualitative variables, and the Fisher exact test for comparison between small groups. P < 0.05 was considered significant. The study was approved by Al Nileen University Ethical committee. Results: Among 2000 patients enrolled during the study period, 250 (12.5%) received a diagnosis of Portal hypertension and were therefore included in the study. The median age of the patients at the time of endoscopy was 5 years 9 months (range, 5 months–15 years). The median time between the diagnosis of liver disease and endoscopy was 2 years 3 months (range, 2 months–8 years). Table
1 summarizes the clinical selleck chemicals characteristics of the patients. Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy was found in 150 of 250 patients (60%). Moderate PHG was found in 104 of 250 patients and severe PHG in 41 patients (31 of whom had liver cirrhosis). Esophageal varices were found in 135 of 250 patients (54%) (Grade I, n = 52; grade II, n = 62; and grade III, n = 21). The hemorrhagic aspect of the esophageal mucosa was observed in 21 patients. No patient had gastric varices (8). Gastritis was found in 145 of 250 (58%) patients (antrum, n = 70; fundus, n = 75). No glandular atrophy or intestinal metaplasia was seen in the patients in the study. In the group 2 patients (n = 60), PHG was found in 35 patients with Liver Cirrhosis associated with chronic gastritis (active, n = 25; nonactive, n = 20). Esophageal varices were found in 15 patients.