This organized adhesive junction between cell and virion, which we name the viral junction, is reminiscent of the well-characterized immunological synapse, albeit

at much smaller length scales. The formation of an organized viral junction under multiple physiopathologically relevant conditions may represent a novel intermediate step in productive infection.”
“PRINCIPLES: The proportion of medical graduates entering a surgical career in Switzerland, as well as in most Western countries, is declining. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factors influencing medical students when choosing a career in surgery and to identify see more the impact of a surgical clerkship.

METHODS: Between February 2007 and July 2007, fifth-to seventh-year medical students at 15 adult surgical

departments PD0325901 in German-speaking Switzerland were asked to participate in an anonymous survey. The survey was distributed at the beginning of the clerkship (T1) with a reevaluation after its conclusion (T2). It included questions concerning career plans, the anticipated conditions at the workplace, lifestyle in residency and as a board-certified physician, and the perception of surgery.

RESULTS: A total of 185/344 (53.8%) medical students participated in the study. Prolonged working hours during the surgical training period compared to those of other specialties was the only significant predictor for not choosing general surgery as the future field of work (p = 0.02). After the clerkship, medical students rated the possibility of combining professional and personal life, and engaging in a hobby during specialty training in surgery significantly higher (p < 0.01 and p = 0.03, respectively). The specialty was named by 33% further students as one of their top three career choices.

CONCLUSIONS: A surgical clerkship might have a positive impact on the choice of a surgical career. As there might be a shortage of surgeons in the future, lifestyle as the main impediment for choosing a surgical career should be

kept in mind.”
“Crystal structure and selleck magnetic properties of R5Sn4 alloys with R = Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er have been studied. R5Sn4, R11Sn10, and R5Sn3 phases coexist in the annealed alloys and the content of 11:10 and 5:3 phases varies between 9 and 17 wt.%. The R5Sn4 major phase has Sm5Ge4-type orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. Tb5Sn4 has a complex magnetic structure, spin re-orientation and ferrimagnetic-paramagnetic phase transitions occur at similar to 54 and similar to 84 K, respectively. For Dy5Sn4, Ho5Sn4, and Er5Sn4, the antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase transitions occur at about 22, 15, and 8 K, respectively. The magnetic entropy changes (-Delta S-M) of all alloys are negative at low temperature and changes to positive at higher temperatures, which could be attributed to the change of magnetic states. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.