Results: Twenty seven patients have been enrolled to date with the baseline characteristics of all 3 treatment groups (Peg-IFN, Peg+TDF and lead-in) comparable in terms of mean age (31,29, 32 years), median ALT (107, 112, 86 U/L) and HBV DNA viral load (7.2, 7.7 and 7.7 log10 IU/ml). 26 of 27 patients were of Asian ethnicity and one patient in each group had Metavir fibrosis ≥3. An BGJ398 ic50 interim analysis of the end of treatment outcomes

of 15 patients who have completed a minimum of 48 weeks of therapy is presented here. No patient achieved the primary endpoint of HBsAg loss and no significant differences were noted in the on-treatment kinetics of HBsAg levels between the 3 groups. HBV DNA suppression <20 IU/ml was observed in 1, 4 and 2 patients in the Peg-IFN, Peg+TDF and lead-in groups

respectively. HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion was achieved PI3K Inhibitor Library mw in 2,3 and 1 patient respectively. One patient in the Peg-IFN group developed symptomatic hyperthyroidism, while 2 patients in each of the Peg-IFN and Peg+TDF groups developed a transient mild hypophosphatemia (Serum PO4 between 0.65 to 0.81 mmol/L). No other significant AEs were noted. Conclusion: In a CHB cohort of predominantly Asian ethnicity, combination therapy with Peg-IFN and TDF is not associated with an early on-treatment loss of HBsAg, but appears safe and well tolerated. P MANCHIKANTI, S LE, A DEV Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Department of Medicine, Monash University Background: The selleck screening library negative health sequelae for patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation

during immunosuppresive therapy and the risks of maternal to child HBV transmission are well described. Current international guidelines differ in the recommendation of HBV screening in patients prior to the commencement of immunosuppressive therapy and subsequent recommendations for chemophropylaxis according to HBV status. Universal recommendations exist to include HBV screening as part of the maternal ante-natal screen to effect appropriate prenatal antiviral therapy and infant immunization at delivery. Aim: To audit the documentation of HBV status and HBV screening rates in populations at risk of endemic HBV who were admitted to the Oncology, Rhematology and Obstetric units at Monash Health. Methods: All patients born in Afghanistan, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong SAR, Sudan and Vietnam who were admitted under Oncology Rheumatology and Obstetrics at Monash Health from 1 November 2011 to 30 March 2013 were identified via the institutional database. Medical records and laboratory results were reviewed to determine the timing of hepatitis screening. This was correlated to the prescription of immunosuppresive therapy during admission and discharge plans including immunosuppression and/or referral to gastroenterology clinics.

Results: Twenty seven patients have been enrolled to date with the baseline characteristics of all 3 treatment groups (Peg-IFN, Peg+TDF and lead-in) comparable in terms of mean age (31,29, 32 years), median ALT (107, 112, 86 U/L) and HBV DNA viral load (7.2, 7.7 and 7.7 log10 IU/ml). 26 of 27 patients were of Asian ethnicity and one patient in each group had Metavir fibrosis ≥3. An Anti-infection Compound Library cell assay interim analysis of the end of treatment outcomes

of 15 patients who have completed a minimum of 48 weeks of therapy is presented here. No patient achieved the primary endpoint of HBsAg loss and no significant differences were noted in the on-treatment kinetics of HBsAg levels between the 3 groups. HBV DNA suppression <20 IU/ml was observed in 1, 4 and 2 patients in the Peg-IFN, Peg+TDF and lead-in groups

respectively. HBeAg to anti-HBe seroconversion was achieved find more in 2,3 and 1 patient respectively. One patient in the Peg-IFN group developed symptomatic hyperthyroidism, while 2 patients in each of the Peg-IFN and Peg+TDF groups developed a transient mild hypophosphatemia (Serum PO4 between 0.65 to 0.81 mmol/L). No other significant AEs were noted. Conclusion: In a CHB cohort of predominantly Asian ethnicity, combination therapy with Peg-IFN and TDF is not associated with an early on-treatment loss of HBsAg, but appears safe and well tolerated. P MANCHIKANTI, S LE, A DEV Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, Department of Medicine, Monash University Background: The selleck kinase inhibitor negative health sequelae for patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation

during immunosuppresive therapy and the risks of maternal to child HBV transmission are well described. Current international guidelines differ in the recommendation of HBV screening in patients prior to the commencement of immunosuppressive therapy and subsequent recommendations for chemophropylaxis according to HBV status. Universal recommendations exist to include HBV screening as part of the maternal ante-natal screen to effect appropriate prenatal antiviral therapy and infant immunization at delivery. Aim: To audit the documentation of HBV status and HBV screening rates in populations at risk of endemic HBV who were admitted to the Oncology, Rhematology and Obstetric units at Monash Health. Methods: All patients born in Afghanistan, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong SAR, Sudan and Vietnam who were admitted under Oncology Rheumatology and Obstetrics at Monash Health from 1 November 2011 to 30 March 2013 were identified via the institutional database. Medical records and laboratory results were reviewed to determine the timing of hepatitis screening. This was correlated to the prescription of immunosuppresive therapy during admission and discharge plans including immunosuppression and/or referral to gastroenterology clinics.

e. containing the drug-metabolizing genes, ≈ 6000 SNPs) were removed if the Hardy–Weinberg P value was < 0.00001. Among the 1936 SNPs included in the DMET system, we obtained the genotyping data of 1891 SNPs with 100% call rate; 1209 SNPs were identical in all patients tested and we used genotyping data of the remaining 682 SNPs for statistical analysis. Only two SNPs were detected as significantly Ku-0059436 concentration associated with ulcer bleeding using DMET (Supporting Information Table S1). The two SNPs associated with ulcer bleeding

in genome-wide analysis were determined by TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay kits (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions and were confirmed by direct sequencing. Genotypes of candidate genes associated with small bowel bleeding in the previous selleckchem genome-wide analysis were also evaluated.[22] For polymorphism

of SLCO1B1, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed as described previously using the primers and restriction enzymes.[8] Each subject’s H. pylori status was determined by the presence of serum H. pylori IgG antibodies using the E plate test of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Eiken Kagaku, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences in age and body mass index were analyzed by unpaired t-test, and Mantel–Haenszel statistics were used to assess the differences in other demographic and clinical characteristics. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained by Mantel–Haenszel

statistics and multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the risk or preventive factors after adjustment for other significant factors determined by univariate analysis. Differences in the genotype frequencies between the two groups and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium of allele frequencies at individual loci by comparing the observed and expected genotype frequencies were assessed using selleck chemicals llc the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact probability test. A two-sided P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical computations were performed using SPSS (version 11.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A total of 593 Japanese patients (399 men, 194 women; 42–91 years old; average age 72 years) were enrolled. The study groups consisted of 111 patients with PU (the ulcer group), 45 with ulcer bleeding (the bleeding group), and 482 controls. Demographic and clinical characteristics are shown in Table 1. Sex, drinking, smoking, body mass index, complication of diabetes mellitus, and H. pylori status were not significantly different between the ulcer or bleeding group and the controls (Table 1). The mean age and the percentage of patients over 80 years old were significantly higher in the ulcer group than in the controls. The percentage of patients with ischemic heart disease treated with aspirin was significantly lower (61.3% vs 74.1%, P = 0.

After 1 month of LMV+HBIg, patients were randomized to receive either LMV 100 mg daily or LMV daily+HBIg im monthly until month 18.Then, the study was opened allowing patients to be treated with either lamivudine or combination therapy indefinitely. The primary efficacy end-point was the absence of HBsAg at month 18, at year 5 and 10.Results: Fifteen patients were randomized to receive HBIg+LMV and 14 LMV until month 18 and then 20 continued with LMV monotherapy and 9 with HBIg+ LMV. Five and 10 year survival rates were 90% and 76% respectively. Seven patients died (6 from causes unrelated to HBV between month 29 and ICG-001 price 144

and 1 from acute rejection and HBV recurrence at month 24). HBsAg recurrence rate was 14%.

Both groups have similar HBV recurrence rates, 15% click here for the combination and 11% for LMV alone. Four patients, 3 of whom were LMV noncompliant experienced HBV recurrence at month 23,24,44,48.HBV-DNA by PCR in absence of HBsAg was detected in 4 cases at month 18, in 6 cases at year 5 and in none in year 10.The tolerance to HBIg and/or LMV was excellent and no AEs related to prophylaxis were observed. Conclusions: In this population of patients with low levels of viremia before 〇 LT, the rate of HBV recurrence was low and similar between LMV and HIg and LMV after a short course of HBIg and LMV, if therapy compliance is good. No HBV recurrence was observed after 4 years of 〇 LT and at year see more 10, all patients have undetectable levels of HBVDNA. Disclosures: Maria Buti – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Gilead, Janssen, Vertex; Grant/Research

Support: Gilead, Janssen; Speaking and Teaching: Gilead, Janssen, Vertex, Novartis Jose Ignacio Herrero – Speaking and Teaching: Roche, Astellas, Novartis; Stock Shareholder: Roche, Novartis, Abbott, GlaxoSmitthKline Rafael Esteban – Speaking and Teaching: MSD, BMS, Novartis, Gilead, Glaxo, MSD, BMS, Novartis, Gilead, Glaxo, Janssen The following people have nothing to disclose: Antoni Mas, Martin Prieto, Fernando Casafont, Antonio Gonzalez, Manuel Miras, Lluis Castells Prevention of recurrent HCV infection after liver transplantation (LT) is a major unmet clinical need. ITX5061 is a small molecule antagonist of scavenger receptor B-I (SR-BI) that prevents HCV entry and infection in vitro. The aim of this phase Ib study was to determine safety and efficacy of ITX5061 to prevent HCV allograft infection. Phase Ib single centre prospective open label study including 23 consecutive patients (21 males) undergoing LT. The first 13 control patients did not receive study drug. The subsequent 10 patients received ITX5061 150mg orally immediately pre-LT, post-LT and daily for 1 week.

Data collected during 40,976 km of visual and acoustic shipboard surveys in the tropical Pacific Ocean, including 1,232 detections of 13 species, were examined to determine if changes in dolphin

vocal activity could be attributed to the presence of killer whales. Generalized linear models and Random Forest analyses were used to test the hypothesis that dolphin vocal activity was related to the distance and time to the nearest killer whale sighting. Both results show that dolphin vocalizations were inversely correlated with the temporal proximity of killer whales (P < 0.05). Despite the relative rarity of killer whales in the tropics, they appear to influence vocal behavior of nearby dolphin schools. This disruption in communication may not significantly impact interactions necessary for survival in tropical waters where killer whale density is low. However, in Acalabrutinib temperate climates, where increased productivity supports

a greater abundance of killer whales, this interruption in communication may have a greater impact. The lower incidence of whistling dolphins in temperate waters may be related to the greater abundance of killer whales in these areas. “
“We analyzed the stomach contents of 40 estuarine dolphins, Sotalia guianensis (van Benédén 1864), beached on the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, between February 2000 and February 2007. A total of 223 prey items were identified, including 18 species of teleosts and 5 species of cephalopods. The index of relative importance (IRI) showed that Larimus breviceps, Haemulon plumieri, Lutjanus synagris, Trichiurus lepturus, Mugil curema, and Diapterus rhombeus

Erlotinib price were the six most important species. The IRI showed that L. breviceps was the main prey for both adults and the young. H. plumieri was the most important for the males and T. lepturus for the females. Seven species of teleosts and two of cephalopods were recorded in the diet of estuarine dolphins for the first time in the country. Our results suggest that the estuarine dolphin can be a feeding specialist and that foraging activity occurs mainly in estuarine areas, where the animals can use passive listening to detect prey. “
“Terrestrial check details habitat is important for breeding in most pinnipeds. On land, most species remain near the shore, but New Zealand (NZ) sea lions, Phocarctos hookeri, often rest inland up to 1.5 km from the sea. Only three breeding areas of NZ sea lions exist today after the species was extirpated from its historical range (NZ mainland). The study was conducted at the Sandy Bay breeding colony, Auckland Islands, between December 2002 and March 2003. We used daily Global Positioning System locations of breeding females with pups and mapping in a Geographic Information System to determine terrestrial habitat use and preferences. Slopes less than 20° were preferred throughout the study.

There were 74 cured and 17 were relief. The effective rate of Fluconazele is 96.8 %. Conclusion: he patients wit HIV/AIDS have high rate of fungus infection in partes oralis. The morbidity of oral candidiasis in patients with HIV/AIDS has negative correlation with CD4 cell count. (2) HAART could reduce oral candidiasis incidence. (3) Fluconazele

has Venetoclax ic50 good effect to oral candidiasis and can make patient’s condition improved. Key Word(s): 1. HIV/AIDS; 2. oral candidiasis; 3. HAART; 4. CD4 cell count; Presenting Author: YI ZHANG Additional Authors: SENLIN ZHU, LIN-LIN HUANG, DAN XIE Corresponding Author: YI ZHANG Affiliations: First Affilated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the most malignant cancer in the digestive tract cancer members. Methods: Western blot was used to show the expression of Pax 6 in the gastric cancer cell line and the influence of inhibition of Pax 6 on the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8 and PARP. Flow cytometry was employed for detected the role of Pax 6 in the

resistance of apoptosis. MTT was used to detected cell proliferation. Results: In vitro, Inhibition of Pax 6 by SiRNA could induce the apoptosis by triggering caspase-8, caspase-3 and PARP. To further identified the role of Pax 6 in the apoptosis, flow cytometry was employed, knock down GSI-IX solubility dmso Pax 6 could lead to apoptosis cells increased. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of Pax 6 could lead to a decline in cell survival and cell growth. Conclusion: These data support the function of Pax 6 in resistance of apoptosis in gastric cancer lines and provided the evidence

that inhibition of Pax 6 as a strategy to induce the apoptosis of cells. Key Word(s): 1. Gatric cancer; 2. Pax 6; 3. apoptosis; Presenting Author: POOJA YADAV check details Additional Authors: BIJAYR MIRDHA, GOVINDK MAKHARIA, SHINJINI BHATNAGAR, SIDDHARTHA DATTAGUPTA Corresponding Author: GOVINDK MAKHARIA Affiliations: AIIMS Objective: Intestinal parasitosis is common in tropical countries; however, there is paucity of data on detection, identification and molecular characterization of etiological agents. Methods: Three consecutive stool samples from 300 clinically apparent immunocompetent and 300 immunocompromised patients [HIV seropositive (196), transplant recipients (22), haematological malignancies (29), CVID (13), other immunodeficiency disorders (40)] with diarrhea and 200 age-matched healthy controls without diarrhea were examined by direct microscopy and Kinyoun’s modified acid-fast and modified trichrome for intestinal coccidia and microsporidia, respectively. Genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis at SSUrRNA, COWP, TRAP-C1, Cpgp40/15 loci and tpi gene, respectively.

Materials and Methods: Three aluminum master dies (height: 5.5 mm, Ø: 7.5 mm, conicity: 6°) with different finish lines (TC: tilted chamfer; LC: large chamfer; RS: rounded shoulder) were manufactured. Ten impressions were made from each master die using a modified parallelometer. Impressions were poured in type IV dental stone, and 30 ceramic crowns (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar) were subsequently milled. The crowns were fixed on their respective metallic

die using a metallic see more fixation device. The distance between the external edges of the crown to the edge of the cervical preparation was performed at 50 points on the respective metallic die (MD analysis). With the replica technique, the ID values of each crown were further evaluated at 12 points equidistant

to each other in three regions: radius (R), axial (A), and occlusal (Occl). this website The measurements were performed using an optical microscope (250×). The data (μm) were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey′s test (5%). Results: The RS group (28.24 ± 11.42 μm) showed significantly lower MD values (p= 0.001) than those of TC (99.92 ± 18.32 μm) and LC (64.71 ± 25.64 μm) groups, both of which also differed statistically from one another. The ID results demonstrated significantly lower values in the LC group (183.01 ± 62.82 μm) (p= 0.0014) than those of TC (216.26 ± 83.23 μm) and RS (219.12 ± 87.24 μm) groups. ID results of TC and RS were not significantly different. Additionally, the ID results showed significant differences among the regions (p= 0.0001). The null hypotheses selleck compound were rejected. Conclusion: The RS finish line produced MD values significantly lower than tilted and large chamfer, but large chamfer presented the lowest internal discrepancy values. Independent of the finish line type, internal discrepancy was the lowest in the axial region followed by radius and occlusal regions. “
“Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of fiber curvature and position on flexural strength (FS), toughness, and elastic

modulus in a dental flowable composite test specimen. Methods and Materials: Test specimens made of composite resin (Denfil Flow) were reinforced with preimpregnated glass fibers (Interlig). Control specimens (group A) did not contain fiber reinforcement. Fibers were placed with different positions and orientations into the test specimens (2 mm × 2 mm × 25 mm) (groups B, C, D). The test specimens (n = 10) were stored in distilled water for 3 days at 37°C before testing in a three-point loading test (ISO 10477) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min to determine FS, flexural modulus (FM), and toughness. Data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD (σ= 0.05). Results: The FM varied from 4.7 ± 0.5 to 6.7 ± 0.5 GPa.

16 Younger patients experienced more fatigue and pruritus, whereas male patients experienced less. Pruritus, but not fatigue or cognitive symptoms, was worse in UDCA nonresponders.16 The

control population for the current study DNA/RNA Synthesis inhibitor comprised 196 community controls case-matched for age and sex to the Newcastle PBC cohort. Symptoms and QOL were assessed in the control population using the PBC-40c, a parallel version of the PBC-40 developed and validated for use in non-PBC subjects as part of the study. Among PBC patients, perceived QOL was impaired (35% reporting perceived QOL impairment compared with only 6% of healthy controls; P < 0.0001, chi-square 68.9). However, 45% of PBC patients reported no QOL impairment. When asked to rate their perceived health status only 20% of PBC patients

Navitoclax research buy rated their health as being very good or excellent, 46% rated it as fair or poor. In comparison, only 15% of the community controls described their overall health as only fair or poor (P < 0.0001, chi-square 67.9). In terms of change of perceived healthiness over time, 482/2,353 (20%) PBC patients regarded their health as improved compared to a year previously, whereas 1,150 (49%) described their health as worse. Although a similar percentage of healthy controls regarded their health as improved over the previous year (40/192, 20%), far fewer controls perceived their health as worse (28/192, 14%; P < 0.0001, chi-square 82.7). All symptom modalities had an impact on perceived QOL using univariate see more analysis; symptoms of social dysfunction had the greatest impact and pruritus the least (Table 2a). On multivariate analysis fatigue and social symptoms were associated independently with impaired life quality, with a weaker association

for anxiety symptoms and marginal associations for the PBC-40 “other symptoms” domain and emotion symptoms (Table 2b). Symptom severity was significantly greater in PBC than in community controls for all PBC-40 domains as well as for daytime somnolence and vasomotor autonomic symptoms (Fig. 1). Availability, for the first time, of normative data from a community control population allowed us to define clinical cutoffs for significant symptom severity and to establish the proportion of patients in the PBC cohort exceeding those cutoffs (Table 3). The symptom with the greatest overall impact on patients was fatigue (Fig. 2A). Given that all the symptoms that have an impact in PBC also occur in non-PBC patients, we explored the relative impact (in comparison to the control group) of the individual symptom groups. The symptom set with the greatest relative impact was autonomic symptoms (Fig. 2B). Symptom impact in PBC was not as a result of overlap with autoimmune hepatitis. Only 41 of the 2,353 participants (1.

The Rodin trial has extended our thoughts on this issue because it is a robustly populated

prospective observational study, in contrast to previously published results, which have been generated from smaller, retrospective, mostly uncontrolled heterogeneous population studies. Based on the results of 574 previously untreated severe haemophilia A patients (FVIII selleck kinase inhibitor activity, <0.01 IU mL−1), the observations in Rodin indicated that there was no difference in the incidence of alloantibody inhibitors whether patients received plasma-derived or recombinant full-length FVIII products (adjusted hazards ratio = 0.96). Furthermore, among those who developed alloantibody inhibitors while on plasma-derived FVIII concentrates, the content of von Willebrand factor (VWF) did not influence the risk of inhibitor formation (adjusted hazards ratio = 0.90). Lastly, the Rodin population study indicated that switching from a plasma-derived FVIII product (irrespective of relative VWF content) to a full-length rFVIII product did not increase the risk of inhibitor development. These conclusions EPZ-6438 research buy are extremely cogent to patients and their physicians alike as the possibility that rFVIII products were more immunogenic, that the high content of VWF protein in plasma-derived FVIII products could protect against

alloantibody formation, and that product switching would be harmful all were used as rationale to determine the choice of replacement product for previously untreated, slightly previously treated, and even those previously treated individuals with over 150 exposure days. This published report notwithstanding the possibility that selleck products it may be underpowered to conduct most of the above comparisons due to the relatively low number of patients treated with plasma-derived molecules has added to the cumulative published data, which tend to discount these concerns when determining product choice for previously untreated patients (PUPs) and others. In fact, several of the haemophilia treaters and haemophilia treatment centres (HTC), who participated in Rodin, had expressed publicly prior to this publication that

these same concerns influenced their decision to initiate their PUPs considered at higher risk for inhibitor development on plasma-derived products. The Rodin trial was observational, that is NOT a randomized controlled study, and allowed each HTC to determine independently how it was to treat its PUPs. This approach could have led to an imbalance in the baseline prognostic characteristics of the groups being compared in Rodin and this potential bias could have introduced a significant biostatical flaw into the study design [2]. In a post hoc analysis [1] and not apparently intended to be included in the original trial design [3], Gouw et al. compared the two generations of full-length rFVIII concentrates employed in the study for alloantibody inhibitor formation.

0%). Among obese children, 10% had H. pylori colonization compared to 21% of the healthy weight children (RR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.0). Conversely, 39% of noncolonized children, but only 21% of the infected children, were obese (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1–3.3). Multivariate analysis revealed that being colonized with H. pylori is associated with a 50% reduction in the odds of being obese (adjusted OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2–1.0). Our findings in a North American cohort are in agreement with studies from Asia and Europe suggesting LY294002 that H. pylori infection decreases the prevalence of obesity

in children. Further work to characterize the extent and nature of this relationship is warranted. “
“Numerous studies have suggested a link between iron-deficiency

anemia (IDA) and Helicobacter pylori infection. Previously, we found that strains isolated from IDA patients showed higher levels of Fe ion uptake and Fe-ion-dependent rapid proliferation than those of strains derived from patients without IDA. Twenty-four H. pylori strains from IDA patients (IDA strains) and 25 strains from patients who had H. pylori gastritis without anemia (non-IDA strains) were examined. Their nucleotide sequences of napA, fur, and feoB, which contribute to Fe ion uptake, were determined. Numerous polymorphisms of the three genes were found in both strains. Frequency of neutrophil-activating protein A (NapA), which encoded by napA, with threonine at amino acid residue No. 70 EMD 1214063 research buy (Thr70-type NapA) was significantly higher in IDA strains than in non-IDA strains. Strains with Thr70-type NapA showed significantly higher levels of Fe3+ and Fe2+ uptake than did strains with other types, Ser70-type of NapA, which is found in standard strains. Other significantly different occurrences of polymorphisms between IDA and non-IDA groups were not observed in these genes.

The results suggest that H. pylori strains with Thr70-type NapA have enhanced Fe ion uptake ability and are associated with the pathogenesis of IDA. “
“Background:  Triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and a proton-pump inhibitor is a common therapeutic strategy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). However, frequent appearance of clarithromycin-resistant strains is a therapeutic challenge. While various see more quinones are known to specifically inhibit the growth of H. pylori, the quinone 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (DHNA) produced by Propionibacterium has strong stimulating effect on Bifidobacterium. We were interested to see whether DHNA could inhibit the growth of H. pylori in in vitro or in vivo experimental setting. Materials and Methods:  The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of DHNA was determined by the agar dilution method. The inhibitory action of DHNA on the respiratory activity was measured by using an oxygen electrode. Germ-free mice infected with H. pylori were given DHNA in free drinking water containing 100 μg/mL for 7 days. Results:  DHNA inhibited H.