By 4 minutes, all of the neonates with uncomplicated shoulder dystocia were born. Conversely, the majority of neonates with depression-57%-had head-to-body delivery intervals greater than 4 minutes. Such information offers guidance to clinicians caught between the admonition to apply only gentle force when utilizing maneuvers to accomplish a shoulder dystocia delivery and the

countervailing need to achieve delivery within a critical time frame to prevent hypoxic injury. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;118:318-22) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31822467e9″
“Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 3-deazaneplanocin A purchase (PTP) family, plays a crucial role in metabolic signaling, with insulin and leptin signaling being well studied. New evidence indicates that PTP1B is also involved in cancer. In the present study, we report on the establishment of a monoclonal antibody specific for catalytic domain of PTP1B

(PTP1Bc) generated through the hybridoma method. The monoclonal antibody is measured to have a titer of 4.1 x 10(6) against PTP1Bc in indirect ELISA. Western blot and immunofluorescent analyses indicated that this antibody can specifically combine native PTP1B in selleck chemicals MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. This monoclonal antibody against PTP1Bc can help enhance the understanding of PTP1B-related physiological and pathological mechanisms and may act as a therapeutic find more agent for diabetes, obesity, and cancer in the future.”
“This paper is devoted to the minimal time control

problem for fed-batch bioreactors, in presence of an inhibitory product, which is released by the biomass proportionally to its growth. We first consider a growth rate with substrate saturation and product inhibition, and we prove that the optimal strategy is fill and wait (bang-bang). We then investigate the case of the Jin growth rate which takes into account substrate and product inhibition. For this type of growth function, we can prove the existence of singular arc paths defining singular strategies. Several configurations are addressed depending on the parameter set. For each case, we provide an optimal feedback control of the problem (of type bang-bang or bang-singular-bang). These results are obtained gathering the initial system into a planar one by using conservation laws. Thanks to Pontryagin maximum principle, Green’s theorem, and properties of the switching function, we obtain the optimal synthesis. A methodology is also proposed in order to implement the optimal feeding strategies.”
“Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) an emerging less invasive alternative to surgery, is now being increasingly employed, but spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is still a threat with this procedure.

016) and El (26.7%) (P = 0.011) than in groups C2 (6.9%) and E2 (10.2%). The incidence was found to be

increased significantly 40 min after oral intake in groups Cl (P = 0.012) and El (P = 0.010) compared with earlier measurements in the same groups.

Conclusion: A first oral intake in children 1 h after anesthesia for minor surgery seems not to increase the incidence of vomiting as long as the ingested fluid is at body temperature.”
“Electrical resistance, magnetization, and magnetoresistance have been measured as functions of temperature from 50 to 300 K on three ferromagnetic glass ceramics containing different magnetite crystals by preparing conditions and crystal morphology. Magnetite crystals form a percolating network for electrons with weak links at crystal-crystal contact points. All samples exhibit find protocol a broadened Verwey transition, peaked at temperatures lower than measured in bulk stoichiometric magnetite. The negative magnetoresistance ratio

increases in absolute value with sample cooling from RT down to the Verwey selleck chemicals llc temperature and decreases on further cooling. This behavior indicates that electron transfer between magnetite crystals is achieved through spin-dependent and spin-independent channels acting in parallel. Magnetic correlation states for spins at contact points between magnetite crystals are studied by plotting the magnetoresistance as a function of reduced magnetization. The transition from activated hopping to variable range hopping affects the magnetoresistance versus magnetization curves.”
“Optical properties in a one-dimensional periodic Selleckchem SBI-0206965 multilayer structure consisting of superconducting and dielectric films are rigorously studied. Due to the temperature- and wavelength-dependent refractive index in superconducting films, the design of multiple-resonance Fabry-Perot resonators can be achievable without physically introducing any defects to break the periodicity of the structure. These extraordinary optical

properties, different from the regular all-dielectric Bragg reflectors, are mainly attributed to the operation in the near-zero-permittivity range of superconductors. Additionally, while the reflection bandwidth tends to enlarge with increasing angle of incidence for transverse magnetic polarization, it remains unchanged with band edges shifted for transverse electric polarization.”
“We report here that the structural origin of an easily reversible Ge15Te83Si2 glass can be a promising candidate for phase change random access memories. In situ Raman scattering studies on Ge15Te83Si2 sample, undertaken during the amorphous set and reset processes, indicate that the degree of disorder in the glass is reduced from off to set state. It is also found that the local structure of the sample under reset condition is similar to that in the amorphous off state. Electron microscopic studies on switched samples indicate the formation of nanometric sized particles of c-SiTe2 structure.

It was found that an appropriate amount of MWNTs could be dispersed homogeneously in the

Lyocell matrix and could improve the mechanical and thermal properties of composite fiber. The results of wide angle Xray diffraction (WAXD) showed that the MWNTs in the composite fiber almost aligned along the axis of the fibers and the orientation of MWNTs increased with the increasing draw ratio. Furthermore, it was found that more MWNTs content and lower draw ratio could improve the electrical conductance of find more the composite fiber. The composite fiber containing 5 wt % MWNTs has a volume conductivity of 8.8 x 10(-4) S/cm, which is five orders higher than that of pure Lyocell fiber. These results indicate that the MWNTs/Lyocell composite fiber has potential applications in the areas of precursor of carbon fiber and conductive fiber. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 956-961, 2012″
“Background Refined carbohydrates have been suggested to deteriorate glucose metabolism however whether persons with elevated Intakes of white rice which is a major staple food for the Japanese experience Increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes remains unclear

Objective We

prospectively investigated the association between white rice intake and risk of type 2 diabetes

Design Participants were 25 666 men and 33 622 women aged 45 75 y who participated in the second survey of the Japan Public Health Center based Prospective

Study and who had no prior history Selleck GSK’872 of diabetes We ascertained food intake by using a validated 147 Item food frequency questionnaire Odds ratios of self reported physician diagnosed type 2 diabetes over 5 y were estimated by using logistic regressions

Results A total of 1103 new cases of type 2 diabetes were sell reported There was a significant association between rice intake and an Increased risk of type 2 diabetes in women the multivariate adjusted odds ratio for the highest compared with lowest quartiles of rice Intake was 1 65 (95% Cl 1 06 257 P for trend = 0 005) In men the association was unclear although there was a suggestion of a positive association in persons who were not engaged in strenuous ON-01910 molecular weight physical activity (P for trend = 0 08)

Conclusions Elevated intake of white rice is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese women The finding that is suggestive of a positive association of rice intake in physically inactive men deserves further investigation Am J Clin Nutr 2010 92 1468-77″
“We propose ultrathin multiband metamaterial absorbers in the microwave frequencies in which the design, analysis, fabrication, and measurement of the absorbers working in multiple bands are presented. The metamaterial absorbers consist of a periodic arrangement of different scales of electric-field-coupled-LC (ELC) resonators and a metallic background plane, separated by only 1 mm dielectric spacer.

Results of hematologic and CSF analyses, thoracic radiography, and abdominal ultrasonography were unremarkable. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed subtle spontaneous activity localized to pelvic

limb interosseous muscles, unremarkable motor nerve conduction velocities, and lower than typical compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude for tibial nerve stimulation only. A severe decremental response of the CMAP was detected with repetitive nerve stimulation (45.5% at the third ulnar nerve). An esophagogram revealed mild megaesophagus. Intravenous neostigmine methylsulfate administration resulted in immediate resolution of muscle weakness. Cross-reacting anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies were detected in serum (0.35 nmol/L) by use of a canine- Birinapant and feline-specific muscle extract. Clinical signs and ancillary test results were diagnostic of acquired myasthenia gravis.

Treatment and Outcome-Pyridostigmine bromide was administered (1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb], PO, q 8 h), resulting in complete remission of clinical signs. However, 1 month after the diagnosis, the ferret was euthanized because of recurrence of weakness despite anticholinesterase treatment.

Clinical Relevance-To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of acquired myasthenia gravis in a ferret and the first identification of anti-AChR antibodies

LCL161 research buy in this species. Autoimmune myasthenia gravis should be considered in ferrets when weakness and flaccid paresis suggest a neuromuscular disease. Electrodiagnostic testing, anticholinesterase challenge, and AChR antibody titer determination were helpful for diagnosis of this condition. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009;235:1462-1466)”
“BACKGROUND: Sal (Shorea robusta) deoiled seed cake extract (SDOCE)

was assessed Y-27632 for its suitability as a cheap natural substrate for lipase production under submerged fermentation. The bacterial isolate Aeromonas sp. S1 isolated from dairy industry was used for lipase production. Both the isolate and its lipase were shown to be potential tools for treatment of dairy wastewater containing higher organic load.

RESULTS: On substituting tributyrin with SDOCE, lipase production was enhanced 24-fold (195 U mL(-1)) compared with the initial 8.13 U mL(-1) lipase activity. Maximum lipase production was obtained at pH 8.0 and incubation temperature 30 degrees C. The lipase had pH and temperature optima of 10.0 and 55 degrees C, respectively. The isolate and its crude enzyme preparation were checked separately for applicability in dairy wastewater treatment. The isolate was able to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 93%, oil and grease (O&G) by 75%, and total suspended solids (TSS) by 47% after 96 h of treatment. Enzymatic preparation gave 86% reduction of COD after 12 h and 75 and 45% reduction of O&G and TSS, respectively, after 96 h of treatment.

CONCLUSION: Overall, the study shows the usefulness of Sal seed deoiled cake, a cheap agro-industrial by-product for the production of lipase.

Due to presented symptoms the patient has opted for the implantation of cardioverter defibrillator.”
“Preaxial polydactyly of the hand is more common than postaxial polydactyly and postaxial polydactyly of the foot is more common than preaxial in white patients. Syndactyly is commonly regarded as next in frequency among the congenital hand deformities. Preaxial polydactyly of the feet and hands and polydactyly type A and B with syndactyly in the same individual is a rare condition. In this work we present this rare disorder in male infant. The physical

and X-ray examinations showed preaxial polydactyly type A of both hands and A and B polydactyly with syndactyly of feet.”
“Objective: In contrast to the high incidence of testicular adrenal rest tumors in adult male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), ovarian adrenal rest tumors (OARTs) in female CAH selleck chemicals patients are rare. In this case report, we describe a case of bilateral OART in a female patient with CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Methods: We present a detailed case report with the clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings of the patient. The pertinent literature is also reviewed.

Results: A 17-year-old patient was known to have CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Since the second month of her gestational age,

her mother was treated with cortisone-replacement therapy. GS-4997 purchase The patient was treated Selleck Volasertib with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone since the neonatal period. Her pertinent history included a bilateral adrenalectomy at the age of 13 years in 2006, and for 3 years she led a normal puberty life with no complaint with hormonal replacement therapy. Nevertheless, in 2009, she developed a virilizing syndrome. Subsequently, she underwent surgery in December 2009 for right adnexectomy. However, the

regression of the masculinizing mass was not complete and worsened several months after the surgery. A new pelvic magnetic resonance image showed the activation of a contralateral ovarian mass, necessitating a left adnexectomy in August 2010.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates some interesting features of OART that pose challenges to its management. If an OART is detected early enough and glucocorticoid therapy is received, it is possible that the OART will decrease in size following suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone levels.”
“Background: A good response rate has been considered as a proof of a study’s quality. Decreasing participation and its potential impact on the internal validity of the study are of growing interest. Our objective was to assess factors associated with contact and response to a postal survey in a epidemiological study of the long-term outcome of IVF couples.

The rate of switching to HD was highest during the first 3 months and decreased afterward. One-, 2- and 3-year technique survival was 87%, 76%, and 66%, respectively. Age, diabetes, EX 527 and

cardiovascular disease appeared to be risk factors for death on PD or switch to HD: a 1-year increase in age was associated with a relative risk (RR) of PD failure of 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.003 - 1.06]; for diabetes, RR of stopping PD after 3 months of treatment increased from 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 – 3) during the first year to 2.2 (95% CI 1.3 – 4) after the second year; cardiovascular disease had a major impact in the earliest period (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2 – 5) and had a stable influence further on (RR 2, 95% CI 1.1 – 3.5). Loss of 1 mL/minute residual glomerular filtration rate (rGFR) appeared to be a significant predictor of PD failure after 3 months of treatment, but within the first 2 years, RR was 1.1 (95% CI 1.04 – 1.25).

Conclusions: In The Netherlands, transplantation is a main reason to stop PD treatment. The incidence of PD technique failure is at its highest during the earliest months after treatment initiation and decreases later due to fewer catheter and abdominal complications

as well as less influence of psychosocial factors. Risk factors for PD discontinuation are those responsible TPCA-1 for patient survival: age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and rGFR.”
“BACKGROUND: The emissions at the Stimson Lumber Company plant, Gaston, Oregon, USA, were treated with a pilot scale biological system to remove low concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (principally pinene, formaldehyde and methanol) emitted from the wet process hard board manufacturing section

of the plant. The objective was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the system for optimal removal of VOCs and reduction of opacity (blue haze) of emissions from the wet press. RESULTS: Analysis of the air samples collected from the bio-treatment system showed a removal efficiency of 90% for total VOCs. The optimization experiments demonstrated that the VOC removal rates improved as the gas flow rate and VOC loading rates increased, and at higher recycle water flow rates, which suggested additional treatment capacity for the biofiltration unit when operated at 40 s empty bed retention time. The opacity of emissions measured RGFP966 ic50 using both the US EPA Method-9 and Wager 6500 opacity meter showed similar trends. CONCLUSIONS: The biological system demonstrated efficient removal of mixtures of forest products VOC emissions with elimination capacities in the range 810 gVOC m-3 h-1. The opacity reduction and VOC removal data were correlated demonstrating that inline opacity measurements may be useful for biosystem performance monitoring and troubleshooting. Copyright (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Antiepileptic medications are the frontline treatment for seizure conditions. However, these medications are not without cognitive side effects.

5%). During follow-up, independent of the treatment received, only 17.3% (28/162) of children effectively cured were negative with the PfHRP2 RDT at day 3, with a gradual increase in specificity until day 42. The specificity of antigen detection with the PfLDH test was 87% (141/162) on day 3, and between 92% and 100% on days 7 to 42. A statistical difference was observed between the persistence of PfHRP2 CP 690550 and PfLDH antigenaemia during follow-up in children treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) but not with SP.

Conclusion: Although both RDTs are as sensitive as microscopy in detecting true malaria cases, the PfHRP2 RDT had very low specificity

during follow-up until day 28. On the other hand, the PfLDH test could be used to detect failures and, therefore, to assess anti-malarial efficacy.”
“Background Most of the hyaluronic acid (HA)-based dermal fillers currently on the market are chemically modified with cross-linkers to improve the mechanical properties and duration in vivo. Objective To investigate differences in the properties of dermal fillers that can be related to the respective cross-linking and manufacturing methods used. Methods and Materials Thirteen commercially available HA fillers were analyzed.

Two different measures of gel strength were used: the elastic modulus (G’) determined by rheology and a measure of the swelling capacity of the gel (cmin). The degree of modification was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, selleck chemicals and the cross-linking ratio was determined using size exclusion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Results There was Avapritinib a wide variation in gel

strength, and the degree of modification varied between 1% and 8% for the HA fillers investigated. Conclusions Both measures of gel strength, G* and cmin, can be used because the results from the two methods are well correlated. No differentiation in filler properties could be seen as a result of manufacturing process used, except that the nonanimal stabilized HA stabilization process resulted in products with high gel strength and a low degree of modification.”
“Methods: We reviewed case records and device logs of 15 patients with ICDs or CRT-P or CRT-D devices who subsequently had implantation of a VentrAssist LVAD (Ventracor Ltd., Chatswood, Australia) as destination therapy or bridge to heart transplantation. Pacemaker and ICD lead parameters before and after LVAD implant were compared. In addition, ventricular tachyarrhythmia event logs and potential electromagnetic interference reports were evaluated.

Results: Right ventricular (RV) sensing decreased in the first 6 months post-LVAD. Mean R-wave amplitude preimplant was 10.9 +/- 5.25 mV compared with 7.2 +/- 3.4 mV during follow-up (P = 0.02). RV impedance also decreased from 642 +/- 240 ohms at baseline to 580 +/- 212 ohms at follow-up (P = 0.007).

4%; 27.7 +/- 3.3 ppm) with no differences across condition. Independent of condition, symptoms of nicotine/tobacco abstinence (e.g., “”urges to smoke”", “”anxious”") were reduced and direct effects (e.g., “”dizzy”", “”satisfy”") increased.

Discussion: These results from the first placebo-control study of waterpipe tobacco smoking demonstrate that waterpipe-induced heart rate increases are almost certainly mediated by nicotine though the subjective effects observed in these occasional LEE011 smokers were not. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.”
“To elucidate how physiological and biochemical mechanisms of chilling stress are regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) pretreatment, pepper

variety (cv. ‘P70′) seedlings were pretreated with 0.57 mM ABA for 72 h and then subjected to chilling stress at 10 degrees/6 degrees C (day/night). Chilling stress caused severe necrotic lesions on the leaves and increased malondialdehyde and H2O2 levels. Activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, guaiacol peroxidase, p38 MAPK inhibitor ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbate, and glutathione increased due to chilling stress during the 72 h, while superoxide dismutase and catalase activities decreased during 24 h, suggesting that chilling stress activates the AsA-GSH cycle under catalase deactivation in

pepper leaves. ABA pretreatment induced significant increases in the above-mentioned enzyme activities and progressive decreases in ascorbate and glutathione levels. On the other

hand, ABA-pretreated Nutlin-3 datasheet seedlings under chilling stress increased superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activities and lowered concentrations of other antioxidants compared with untreated chilling-stressed plants. These seedlings showed concomitant decreases in foliage damage symptoms, and levels of malondialdehyde and H2O2. Induction of Mn-SOD and POD was observed in chilling-stressed plants treated with ABA. The expression of DHAR1 and DHAR2 was altered by chilling stress, but it was higher in the presence than in the absence of ABA at 24 h. Overall, the results indicate that exogenous application of ABA increases tolerance of plants to chilling-induced oxidative damage, mainly by enhancing superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activities and related gene expression.”
“PURPOSE: To quantitate free radical generation during phacoemulsification using an ultrasonic phacoemulsification device that includes a torsional mode and evaluate tip designs specific to the torsional mode.

SETTING: Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.

DESIGN: Experimental study.

METHODS: Experiments were performed using the Infiniti Vision System and OZil handpiece. Hydroxyl radical concentrations in the aspirated irrigation solution during torsional phacoemulsification were quantitated as nanomolar malondialdehyde (nM MDA) and determined spectrophotometrically using the deoxyribose assay.

The screw head at the desired LGX818 in vitro osteotomy level was in close proximity to the liver after the previous right-sided thoracoabdominal approach. Therefore, the T11 anterior screw was accessed through

a posterior costotransversectomy approach and disconnected from the rod proximally and distally with a high-speed side-cutting burr. A portion of the right lateral vertebral body of T11 was removed to expose the neck of the screw, which was separated from the shaft with the same burr. A PSO was performed at T11 and the remaining screw shank was removed with the posterior-based osteotomy.

Results. No major complications were encountered during the procedure. The anterior screw at T11 was removed from posteriorly, and the PSO was completed successfully. Postoperative recovery was without incident, and the patient was very satisfied with her results.

Conclusion. This technique describes a novel, safe, and effective method to deal with anterior instrumentation from the posterior approach while performing posterior-based osteotomies for rigid spinal deformities.”
“Poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN)/phthalonitrile prepolymer (PNP) blends were prepared via a melt-mixing process. The melt flow properties, compatibility,

and thermal and mechanical properties were characterized by dynamic rheological testing, dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile testing, thermal analysis, and fracture surface morphology selleck chemicals observation. The melt-mixed PEN/PNP blends displayed excellent melt flow properties during processing. When the PNP content in PEN was increased, the viscosity of the blends decreased considerably. Compared with that of pure PEN, the dynamic complex viscosity of the PEN/PNP blend with an 11% addition of PNP dropped sharply from 7000 to 2000 Pa s at 350 degrees C and a frequency of 10 Hz. The dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry results showed good compatibility between PEN and PNP. Observations of the morphology of the fractured surfaces revealed better component dispersion in which PNP was dissolved

in the PEN matrix. Importantly for further commercial applications, the blending materials maintained the characteristic thermal and thermooxidative buy MG-132 stability and mechanical properties of PEN. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 2668-2673, 2010″
“This study was designed to evaluate the utility of subtraction ictal SPECT coregistered to MRI (SISCOM) in atypical psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Video-EEG monitoring (vEEG) is the gold standard for PNES diagnosis but, like any modality, has limitations. In difficult cases in which the diagnosis is suspected but remains in question after vEEG, a complementary study that could help differentiate epilepsy from PNES would be desirable. Thirteen SISCOM studies performed in patients with a final diagnosis of PNES were retrospectively reviewed.

Lumbar puncture revealed monocytic pleocytosis. After a diagnosis of VKH disease was made, the patient was treated with high-dose corticosteroid. Brain MRI showed diffusely thickened posterior ocular walls with retinal detachment and perineural infiltrative changes along the optic nerves and adjacent pachymeningeal enhancement of the anterior temporal lobes bilaterally. We report a case of VKH disease with Combretastatin A4 datasheet panuveitis and meningeal involvement of the anterior temporal lobe detected by brain MRI.”
“We report our initial experience with minimally-invasive esophagectomy in 32 patients at Carolinas Medical Center, a community academic medical center. Indications for surgery were adenocarcinoma

in 27, squamous cell carcinoma in 3, and benign stricture in 2. Transthoracic Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy with laparoscopy and thoracoscopy was performed in 28, a 3-stage esophagectomy in 3, and transhaital esophagectomy in 1. There was no operative mortality and median hospital stay was 10.5 days for patients treated with minimally invasive esophagectomy. This compares

with an operative mortality of 8.9% and median hospital stay of 17 days for open esophagectomy in our institution.”
“Allelic patterns and genetic distances were examined in a collection of 103 foreign and Brazilian mango (Mangifera indica) accessions in order to develop a reference database to support cultivar protection and breeding programs. An UPGMA dendrogram was generated using Jaccard’s coefficients from a distance matrix based on 50 alleles of 12 microsatellite loci. The Acadesine base buy Talazoparib pair number was estimated by the method of inverse mobility. The cophenetic correlation was 0.8. The accessions had a coefficient of similarity from 30 to 100%, which reflects high genetic variability. Three groups were observed in the UPGMA dendrogram; the first group was

formed predominantly by foreign accessions, the second group was formed by Brazilian accessions, and the Dashehari accession was isolated from the others. The 50 microsatellite alleles did not separate all 103 accessions, indicating that there are duplicates in this mango collection. These 12 microsatellites need to be validated in order to establish a reliable set to identify mango cultivars.”
“Idiopathic low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure headache is considered to be one that worsens within 15 min of sitting-up or standing-up, accompanied by at least one of the following: neck stiffness, tinnitus, hypacusia, photophobia and nausea. Several reports suggest that a substantial number of idiopathic low CSF pressure cases do not present typical clinical symptoms and that a considerable clinical variability exists. We report the case of an idiopathic low CSF pressure presenting as a cough headache.”
“Immune-based therapies for cancer are now commonplace. Cytokine therapy, including interferon and interleukin-2, is safe in the community setting.